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    https://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Gladius

    Gladius - Wikipedia

    • Gladius is a Latin word properly referring to the type of sword that was used by ancient Roman foot soldiers starting from the 3rd century BC and until the 3rd century AD. Linguistically, within Latin, the word also came to mean "sword", regardless of the type used. Early ancient Roman swords were similar to those of the Greeks, called xiphe (pl., sg.: xiphos). From th… See more

    Etymology

    Gladius is a Latin masculine noun. The nominative plural of it is gladiī. However, gladius in Latin refers to any … See more

    Predecessors and origins

    According to Polybius, the sword used by the Roman army during the Battle of Telamon in 225 BC, though deemed superior to the cumbersome Gallic swords, was mainly useful to thrust. These thrusting sw… See more

    TypeSword
    Place of originCarthaginian Spain as the Celtiberian sword, adopted and modified by Rome
    In service3rd century BC – 3rd century AD
    Used byCeltiberians in service to Carthage during the Punic wars · Roman foot soldiers during the wars of the Roman Republic and Roman Empire
    Manufacturing

    By the time of the Roman Republic, which flourished during the Iron Age, steel and the steel-making process was known to the classical world. Pure iron is relatively soft, but pure iron is never found in nature. Natural iron … See more

    Description

    The word gladius acquired a general meaning as any type of sword. This use appears as early as the 1st century AD in the Biography of Alexander the Great by Quintus Curtius Rufus. The republican authors, ho… See more

    Types

    Several different designs were used; among collectors and historical reenactors, the three primary kinds are known as the Mainz gladius, the Fulham gladius, and the Pompeii gladius (these names refer to where or ho… See more

    Notes

    ^ This is only true for the nominative case; For more information, see the Latin declension page. See more

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    Table of Contents
    Etymology
    Predecessors and origins
    Quick Facts
    Manufacturing
    Description
    Types
    See also