Phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4), mainly present in immune cells, epithelial cells, and brain cells, manifests as an intracellular non-receptor enzyme that modulates inflammation and epithelial integrity.

Introduction Phosphodiesterase-type 5 inhibitors (PDE5i) are the recommended first-line treatment for erectile dysfunction. Previous systematic reviews and meta-analyses suggest that they are a safe ...

manchester.ac.uk Novel cardioprotective agents are needed in both heart failure (HF) and myocardial infarction. Increasing evidence from cellular studies and animal models indicate protective effects ...

Introduction Recent controlled trials have assessed the efficacy of phospodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibitors in secondary Raynaud's phenomenon (RP). However, the conclusions are conflicting, and whether ...

For decades, studies of snake venoms focused on the venom-ome-specific toxins (VSTs). VSTs are dominant soluble proteins believed to contribute to the main venomous effects and emerged into gene ...

Objective: To review available literature evaluating the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, clinical efficacy, and adverse effects of cilomilast, a selective phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibitor.

Carboxylic acids have been shown to be good phosphate bioisosteres (Burke and Lee, 2003; Elliott et al., 2012). Yet phosphonic acids could potentially better-replicate cognate TOP1-DNA substrate ...

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Types include: Observational study — observes people and measures outcomes without affecting results. Interventional study (clinical trial) — studies new ...

1 Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA 2 Swedish Medical Center and University of Washington ...

This once-daily topical treatment is the latest phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibitor designed for mild to moderate atopic dermatitis (AD) in children aged 2 to 5 years. The PDUFA target action date of ...

Specialty pharmacy expands access to an innovative, steroid-free treatment NEW PROVIDENCE, NJ, UNITED STATES, March 3, 2025 /EINPresswire / -- ...